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CUES: Center for Urban Ecology and Sustainability

Abiotic Problems - Root Morphology and Conflict Stresses

Along with poorly drained soil and planting depth problems, abnormal root morphology is one of the most frequent abiotic causes of evergreen tree stress and/or death.

girdling roots Japanese red pine: girdling roots stem girdling roots

embedded and girdling roots stem girdling roots

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