Conventional insecticides

Biorational insecticides

Bioinsecticides EPA definition

http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/biopesticides/
whatarebiopesticides.htm 

class chlorinated hydrocarbon

lindane

dicofol (Kelthane)

class microbial

Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki

Bacillus thuringiensis var. tenebrionis

Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis

Beauveria bassiana fungus (Naturalis, Botanigard) L, GH

spinosad (Conserve) L, GH

abamectin (Avid)

"(1) Microbial pesticides consist of a microorganism (e.g., a bacterium, fungus, virus or protozoan) as the active ingredient.

The most widely used microbial pesticides are subspecies and strains of Bacillus thuringiensis, or Bt. Each strain of this bacterium produces a different mix of proteins, and specifically kills one or a few related species of insect larvae. While some Bt's control moth larvae found on plants, other Bt's are specific for larvae of flies and mosquitoes. The target insect species are determined by whether the particular Bt produces a protein that can bind to a larval gut receptor, thereby causing the insect larvae to starve.

(2) Plant-Incorporated-Protectants (PIPs) are pesticidal substances that plants produce from genetic material that has been added to the plant. For example, scientists can take the gene for the Bt pesticidal protein, and introduce the gene into the plant's own genetic material. Then the plant, instead of the Bt bacterium, manufactures the substance that destroys the pest. The protein and its genetic material, but not the plant itself, are regulated by the EPA.

(3) Biochemical pesticides are naturally occurring substances that control pests by non-toxic mechanisms. Conventional pesticides, by contrast, are generally synthetic materials that directly kill or inactivate the pest. Biochemical pesticides include substances, such as insect sex pheromones, that interfere with mating, as well as various scented plant extracts that attract insect pests to traps. Because it is sometimes difficult to determine whether a substance meets the criteria for classification as a biochemical pesticide, EPA has established a special committee to make such decisions."

class organophosphate

acephate (Orthene)

malathion (Malathion)

chloropyrifos (Duraguard, Chloropyrifos Pro) GH, N, T

dichlorvos (Aire-Mate GH-19) GH

class botanical

azadirachtin, neem (Azatin)

pyrethrum, pyrethrin, pyrethrins (1100Pyrethrum TR) GH

Hydrophobic

Hydrophobic extract of Neem Oil (Triact 70) 

class carbamate

class physical

class chloronicotinyl /neonicotinyl

imidacloprid (Merit, Marathon WP,

Marathon G, Marathon II, Imicide)

class IGR

diflubenzuron, (Dimilin) L (Adept) GH

s-kinoprene (EnstarII) GH

halofenozide (MachII) T

fenoxycarb (Precision) GH, L

pyriproxyfen (Distance) GH, L

tebufenozide (Confirm 2F) GH

class pyrethroid

class unique chemistry

pymetrozine (Endeavor) GH, L

class nicotine

(Fulex Nicoitne Smoke) GH

class unique chemistry miticides

bifenazate (Floramite)

hexythiazox (Hexygon) L, GH

Key:  L=landscape; GH=Greenhouse; T=Turf; know pesticides in bold

Acute Toxicity Measures and Warnings

1 Probable for a 150 lb. person.

Categories of Acute Toxicity

Warnings

Signal Word

Oral mg/kg LD50

Dermal mg/kg LD50

Inhale mg/ LD50

Oral Lethal Dose1

I Highly Toxic

DANGER, POISON (skull & crossbones)            

0 to 50

0 to 200

0 to 2,000

a few drops to a teaspoonful

II Moderately Toxic

WARNING

50 to 500

200 to 2,000

2,000 to 20,000

over a teaspoonful to one ounce

III Slightly Toxic

CAUTION

500 to 5,000

2,000 to 20,000

n/a

over one ounce to one pint

IV Relatively Non-toxic

CAUTION

5,000+

20,000 +

n/a

over one pint to one pound